资本全球化的生态风险及其规避

资本主义崛起和发展的历史是一部资本全球化的历史，即资本流向全球、在全世界扩张蔓延的历史。在此历史过程中，造成资本积累的空间矛盾与生态危机的全球化，不断加剧对欠发达国家或地区生态空间的占有与剥夺。发展中国家总体上处于全球产业链的底端，在追求经济社会发展的道路上不可避免地会遇到资本全球化的生态风险挑战，甚至陷入资本权力构筑的生态陷阱。面对全球化浪潮与资本的全球化，发展中国家不可能完全拒斥资本，但也不能对其听之任之，应建立国内统一大市场，掌握经济社会发展的主动权；设立生态门槛，限制和导控国际资本；聚合广大发展中国家之力，构建国际公认的生态话语权；推进人类命运共同体建设，加强全球生态治理，维护全球生态安全，在持续推进全球化进程中实现人与自然的和谐共生。     

Copyright protection for AI-generated outputs: The experience from China

Artificial intelligence (AI) is involved more frequently in the creative process nowadays, which raises debates associated with copyright protection for its outputs across the globe, China included. On 25 April 2019, the Beijing Internet Court released the first decision in relation to the copyrightability of the output automatically generated by computer software in China. In this case, the Beijing Internet Court held that copyrightable works should be created by natural persons, and therefore denied copyright protection for the output intelligently generated by computer software although it possessed originality. In another case decided on 24 December 2019, the Nanshan District Court of Shenzhen approved that the output automatically generated by computer software was copyrightable, holding that the review generated by an intelligent writing software conformed to the formal requirements of written works and it could be granted copyright protection.This article analyses these two cases in detail and describes the experience of China in copyright protection for AI-generated outputs. As the first two cases about copyrightability of AI-generated outputs in China, the two cases play a significant role in future copyright protection of such outputs nationally and internationally. The two cases indicate that some of AI-generated outputs are eligible for copyright protection in China. Instead of challenging the existing doctrines of modern copyright regime, the two decisions provide a mechanism for copyright protection of AI-generated outputs within the current human-centered copyright law realm.     

追寻非政府组织实践的伦理维度

非政府组织的实践具有典型的伦理特征。基于志愿精神的行动肩负着组织发展、社群德性建构和文化创造的三重价值负载使非政府组织的实践呈现出多元伦理面向和多层面道德内涵。在现代社会专业化和市场化的工具理性支配下,管理思维过度侵入非政府组织理念,形式化道德准则扞格日常道德生活,文化适应的困难导致本土融入受限,构成了非政府组织实践中伦理困境的发生之源。要实现非政府组织实践追寻慈善和志愿精神的合目的性,具象化实践以重视日常道德生活的伦理智慧生成,移情理解和主动扬弃外来文化对实践的影响,并努力实现本土化非政府组织伦理向普遍化发展应当成为正确的发展道路。     

数字经济监管体制创新的导向与路径

数字经济发展要求对传统监管体制进行重构,通过监管体制创新来促进数字经济高质量发展。数字经济监管体制创新的基本导向为:始终坚持审慎包容的基本原则,将促进开放共享和鼓励创新作为政策基点、维护市场竞争作为政策重心、确保监管体制与政策动态有效作为政策理念。中国数字经济监管体制创新的基本路径为:建立相对完善的监管法律体系,构建"平台+政府"双中心协同监管的治理主体结构,形成与数字经济相适应的监管机构体制,实现审慎包容监管原则制度化,创新监管实施体制和政策手段。     

“红船精神”之时代价值论析

"红船精神"所蕴含的首创精神、奋斗精神和奉献精神,已经形成了一种永恒的文化品格。在中国革命、建设与改革的不同阶段,"红船精神"具有不同的价值。新时代,"红船精神"的价值体现在四个方面:"红船精神"是激发创新精神的思想源泉,是坚定理想信念的鲜明旗帜,是增强文化自信的精神力量,是激励奋进不息的生活态度的现实动力。     

基层协商民主中的公共理性培育:实践逻辑与发展理路——以浙江省深化“请你来协商”平台建设为例

当前我国语境下的基层协商民主尚处于民主政治运行的探索时期,有关社会风险化解、参与平台构建以及意识能力强化等方面要素仍不健全。地方政府作为制度建构与执行的主要载体和城乡社会治理模式创新的核心力量,必须加强对基层协商民主的现实主张。事实证明,我国基层协商民主中公共理性的成长发育是一个较为长期的实践发展历程。基于权力主导与权利本位互嵌整合的发展逻辑,地方政府应通过转变认知取向、寻求价值认同以及塑造公共精神等多维路径,来积极培育公共理性,推动协商民主广泛多层制度化发展,切实建立起程序合理、环节完整的社会主义协商民主体系,进而将人民政协的制度优势转化为治理效能,实现国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的发展目标。     

Mapping the development of China's data protection law: Major actors,core values,and shifting power relations

This Article seeks to map the possible paths of the development of China's data protection law by examining the changing power relations among three major actors - the State, digital enterprises and the public in the context of China's booming data-driven economy. We argue that focusing on different core values, these three major actors are the key driving forces shaping China's data protection regime. Their dynamic and multidimensional power relations have been casting the development of China's data protection law with various uncertainties. When persuing different, yet not always conflicting values, these three major actors may both cooperate and compete with each other. Based on our careful analysis of the shifting power relations, we identify and assess three possible paths of the development of China's data protection law. We are much concerned that the proposed comprehensive data protection law might be a new attempt of the State to win legitimacy abroad, while actually trying to reinforce massive surveillance besides economic goals. We argue that a modest alternative may be that this law might show some genuine efforts for protecting data privacy, but still with poor enforcement. Last, we argue that the most desirable development would be that this law could provide basic but meaningful and effective protection for data privacy, and lay a good foundation for further development.     

论“两山”理念蕴含的科学思维方法

"两山"理念蕴含的科学思维方法,为新时代进一步推进生态文明建设提供了方法论指导,要求我们从战略思维上把生态文明建设上升到关乎中华民族伟大复兴的高度;从系统思维上把"人-自然-社会"作为内在的有机体去把握,把生态治理看作是一个复杂的系统工程;从辩证思维上把握"绿水青山"与"金山银山"的相互关系,在实践中把经济发展与环境保护构成统一的整体,走高质量发展之路。     

Research on the dilemma and improvement of legal regulation for unfair competition related to corporate data in China

Corporate data disputes have been rising rapidly in recent years in China. Courts typically apply the trade secret clause, the Internet clause, and the general clause under the Anti-Unfair Competition Law of PRC to the disputes. However, there are some limitations and problems, including the limited scope of the trade secret clause, the difficulty in interpretation of the Internet clause, and short of sufficient demonstration of the general clause, all leading to the lack of clear rules and guidelines for solving corporate data competition issue. The property nature of corporate data and the business operators’ factual control of the data necessarily require standard legal protection. Corporate data is not the property right, but the property interest protected under the Anti-Unfair Competition Law. For further legal positioning of the corporate data, the paper refers to the trade secret clause’s legislative principles. The paper also learns from the United States and Japan that both information misappropriation rule and newly established ‘shared data with limited access’ provision protect corporate data under their anti-unfair competition law. The paper concludes by providing judicial and legislative suggestions to pave the way for corporate data protection in China. At the judicial level, Chinese courts should clarify the specific application conditions of the general clause. At the legislative level, enacting new legislation ‘data clause’ into the Anti-Unfair Competition Law is necessary to regulate unfair competition behaviors related to corporate data.     

论人类共同继承财产理论的新发展——基于“一带一路”倡议的促动

伴随人类科技与文明的高速发展，人类共同继承财产理论中关于资源的所有权归属和实体财富的分配等要素已无法满足现代国际社会的发展需求。“一带一路”倡议在尊重《联合国宪章》的宗旨与和平共处五项原则的前提下，从国际关系的变迁、客体类型的扩大和法律规范的转型三个方面促动了人类共同继承财产理论的深化发展。在此基础上，加强“一带一路”倡议与现行国际法理论的互动研究，以期推动形成一项以人类命运共同体思想为核心的拟议国际法原则。